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Thalamotomy is the precise destruction of a tiny area of the thalamus, the thalamus controls some involuntary movements.
Before surgery, detailed brain scans using a CT scan or MRI are done to identify the precise location for treatment. In this procedure, neurosurgeons use specialized equipment, enabling them to use three-dimensional coordinates to precisely locate an area of the thalamus.
Bilateral (both sides of the brain) procedures are poorly tolerated because of increased complication risks, including vision and speech problems.
The procedure is gradually being replaced by subthalamic deep brain stimulation (DBS), since this procedure can improve tremor and other symptoms of PD.