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A pallidotomy is a surgical procedure where the surgeon destroys a tiny part of the globus pallidus by creating a scar. This reduces the brain activity in that area, which may help relieve movement symptoms such as tremor and stiffness.
Before the surgery is carried out detailed brain scans are done to identify the precise location for treatment. The scalp area where instruments are inserted is numbed with a local anesthetic and the person is awake during the procedure. The surgeon drills a small hole in the target area of the skull and a hollow probe is inserted and the target area is destroyed. The probe is then removed and the wound is closed.

Surgery on one side of the brain affects the opposite side of the body, so if you have a tremor in your right hand the left side of the brain is treated.
Pallidotomy may be unilateral (one-sided) or bilateral (two-sided).
Following a unilateral pallidotomy, improvements are primarily to the side of the body opposite to the lesioned side of the brain.
Bilateral surgery is possible and improves dyskinesias further, but greatly increases the risk for worsening effects on cognition, swallowing, and speech; hence, it is done very rarely if at all